Normal Processes (Step 1 Emphasis)

Embryonic development, fetal maturation, and neonatal changes, gametogenesis

Organ structure and function

structure, male genitalia and prostate

function, male genitalia and prostate (eg, spermatogenesis, puberty) intercourse, orgasm, erection

Cell/tissue structure and function, including hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis, sex steroids

Reproductive system defense mechanisms and normal flora

Abnormal Processes: Health and Health Maintenance, Screening, Diagnosis, Management, Risks, Prognosis

(Step 2 & 3 Emphasis)

Infectious, immunologic, and inflammatory disorders

infectious disorders:

balanitis;

epididymitis;

orchitis;

prostatitis;

sexually transmitted infections and exposure;

chancroid (Haemophilus ducreyi); genital herpes; gonorrhea (Neisseria gonorrhoeae); human papillomavirus infection,genital/venereal/anal warts, condylomata acuminata; lymphogranuloma venereum (Chlamydia trachomatis); syphilis (Treponema pallidum); trichomoniasis (Trichomonas vaginalis); urethritis, chlamydial and nonchlamydial, nongonococcal

immunologic and inflammatory disorders:

autoimmune hypogonadism

Neoplasms: malignant neoplasms,

penile,

prostate,

testicular,

breast

Metabolic and regulatory disorders, including sexual dysfunction:

erectile dysfunction,

impotence;

infertility, male factor;

male sexual dysfunction;

premature ejaculation

Traumatic and mechanical disorders:

benign prostatic hyperplasia/hypertrophy;

circumcision, including complications;

epididymal cyst;

hydrocele;

injuries, wounds, and burns to male genitalia, including blast injuries;

penile laceration, penile fracture, Peyronie disease;

phimosis;

scrotal laceration;

spermatocele;

testicular rupture/avulsion/laceration; torsion of testis;

urethral laceration/disruption;

varicocele

Congenital disorders of the male reproductive system:

hypospadias;

Klinefelter syndrome;

undescended testicle

Adverse effects of drugs on the male reproductive system:

alcohol;

androgens, testosterone;

antipsychotics, antidepressants including selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors;

beta- adrenergic blockers;

diuretic including thiazides;

drug-induced priapism (eg, trazodone);

finasteride, dutasteride;

sildenafil, tadalafil, vardenafil;

marijuana;

nitric oxide reductase inhibitors